"Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs' and Frederick Herzberg's 'Two-Factor theory' have commonalities in the analysis of human motivations." Comment. (15 Marks)
Answer:
Abraham Maslow and Fredrick Herzberg have significantly contributed to the content theories of motivation. Abraham Maslow in his need hierarchy theory has described an hierarchy of needs that need to be satisfied one after the other. He talks about Physiological needs, Security needs, Social needs, Self-esteem needs and finally about self actualisation. In this pyramid of hierarchy of needs, the Physiological, security and social needs are classified as lower level needs while the Self esteem needs and self actualisation are classified as higher level needs.
On the other hand, Fredrick Herzberg is his two factor theory talks about motivators and Hygiene factors, The hygiene factors help avoid dissatisfaction while motivators promote satisfaction. Herzberg says that the hygiene factors are sought after by the people in the Lower levels of the organisation while the people in the higher levels of the organisation seek after motivators. On closer analysis, we realise that the motivators specified by Herzberg is none other the higher level needs talked about by Maslow, while the hygiene factors of Herzberg are none other than the lower level needs specified by Maslow. Hence we have established commonalities in the analysis of human motivation in the theories given by Herzberg and Maslow.
(Draw the Diagram discussed in class)
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